Best Of
Re: Return/Condensate pump questions
»someone installed it trying to fix some other problem«
over the years; well designed properly working go astray…..
pumps are sold by well meaning hungry folk.

Re: Return/Condensate pump questions
I believe there is a square d float switch with a box that looks like a pumptrol.

Re: Return/Condensate pump questions
Check valve in the discharge line would be my first guess.

Re: Return/Condensate pump questions
If that thing is triggered by a float switch in the receiver, I'd agree with @mattmia2 up there — a small leak in the check valve coming back from the boiler. But wait… there's more! Is there a way to adjust the differential between on and off on whatever triggers it? That could also be a problem — whether it's a condensate return (switch in the tank) or a boiler feed (switch in the boiler).
Re: Return/Condensate pump questions
very strong possibility it doesn't need it and someone installed it trying to fix some other problem.
The first thing to look at is what controls the pump in the feeder.
A missing or failed check valve could cause the condensate to drain out of the boiler and back in to the tank every time the pump shuts off or various arrangements that need some sort of a vacuum breaker or equalizer so they form a syphon.

Re: Bathroom Remodel - Some Basic Insulation Questions for Radiant Floor
If you can get under the room, that opens more options.
Any on top system will raise the floor level. Perhaps there is a layer that could be removed if it were an old mud set? There are transition strips to accomodate a small difference in floor levels from room to room.
I would go with electric cable or mat,
or a small 2-1/2 or 6 gallon electric tank if you want pipes instead of wires :)
An example of my go to tank system for master bath floors and walls.

Re: Excessive Water Hammer / Knocking trying to find source
I would also move the makeup water feed line from the equalizer, to the wet return while they're piping back there,
you said, "I do hear lots of knocking behind the radiator", Do you mean the boiler? that's that long high horizontal, have it redone as everyone has drawn, straight up from the floor, and as short as possible into the equalizer,
lastly, buy "We Got Steam" sold here in the bookstore

Re: What do you use and why?
google what3words. They divided the planet into small squares, each designated by three words. You can be in the deep woods and others will find you. My one-bedroom apartment has more than one square.
Re: Cast iron radiator output tables are wrong?
somehow I’d trust the #’s from 100+ years ago as apposed to todays rocket scientists?
