9% efficiency gain from thermal post-purge of cast iron boilers?
In my ongoing quest to improve the efficiency of our two Weil Mclain WGO-5 boilers, in November 2024 I installed a Resideo L6006 aquastat on each boiler, attached to the supply pipes coming out of the boilers. I wired them to continue supplying power to the circulators after boiler shutdown, until the supply pipe temperature drops to 90 F. Since each WGO-5 weighs over 700 pounds dry, there's quite a bit of residual heat stored in each boiler after shutdown, and my hope was to recapture some of that heat, which otherwise would go up the flue during the typical 2+ hours of idle time after a cycle. (These are cold start boilers that always start cold, run maybe 45 minutes, then shut down and idle until cold again).
I was hoping for maybe 5% efficiency improvement at best, and I was prepared to be disappointed by no measurable improvement. But after crunching the numbers for the first time tonight, after one partial heating season (2024-25) and one full heating season (2025-2026), it appears that the post-purge may be working better than I expected.
I've kept detailed consumption records for the past 7 seasons, and I have heating degree data from our local airport (Norwood MA, weather station KOWD). Taking the ratio of oil consumption per season total HDD for each year, for the two seasons prior to doing post-purge, the ratio was 0.236 gal/HDD for both previous seasons, a remarkably consistent result in consecutive years.
Then in the first partial season with post-purge (beginning late November 2024), that number dropped to 0.228 gal/HDD, a reduction of 3%.
Then last season, the first in which post-purge ran the entire season, that number dropped to 0.215 gal/HDD, a reduction of about 9% from the 0.236 gal/HDD baseline from two prior seasons.
Last season was also the coldest season in my 7-year database, with 6145 HDD's, which is almost 30% more than the two prior "baseline" seasons without post-purge. My understanding is that milder seasons typically result in lower BTU/HDD ratios, because solar heating does more of the "work" in milder seasons, resulting in lower BTU/HDD's. Conversely, colder seasons typically result in higher BTU/HDD ratios because the solar heating factor is relatively smaller. So in the absence of post-purge, I would expect last season's colder climate to have increased our gal/HDD number. But with post-purge running, it came in 9% lower than the two previous "baseline" seasons that had milder weather.
Of course other factors can be involved, but since I manage the building maintenance here I keep a close eye on whether people are leaving windows open, etc, during the winter, and we haven't made any envelope changes (in windows, insulation, etc) that would make any difference in the last several years. The only difference was the addition of post-purge.
I have fooled myself enough in the past to be cautious in how I interpret these numbers, but right now it looks like we got a 3% improvement in gal/HDD during the first partial season running post-purge, and a 9% improvement during the first full season running post purge. Since our annual oil bill runs about $5000, a 9% savings is $450. I think the two aquastats cost me $300 total, so if my math is correct, they've already paid for themselves.
Comments
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I used to do that with my gas fired boiler in my house. I had a Honeywell strap on aquastat on the return. The system was 1 pipe monoflow. The existing boiler was oversized so it would hit limit often on a call for heat. I kept the aquastat set at 100 but I never did any calculations to see if any fuel was saved.
With me if I was working in the cellar which I often was I would notice the call for heat ended and the boiler and circ shut off with the boiler at 190 deg. I wanted to put that heat upstairs where it belonged. I noticed after doing that that the thermostat would overshoot 1-2 degrees so you might notice a tiny bit more temp swing.
Many have said it doesn't matter "the heat is still in the building" but I would rather have it upstairs than in the basement.
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Thanks for that update. This is good information and one of the reasons that EK smaller mass boilers with thermal purge are more efficient that the Cast Iron monsters that are out there (like your 2 WMs). Amazing that your experienced 9% when you would have been satisfied with 5%. AWESOME !!! Nice work
Edward Young Retired
After you make that expensive repair and you still have the same problem, What will you check next?
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@EBEBRATT-Ed and @EdTheHeaterMan Thank you both for all your help over the past few years. I'm still trying to think of other factors besides the post-purge that may have contributed to the efficiency gain, but I so far I can't.
In looking at the "baseline" data before post-purge, what suprised me was the consistency of the gallons/HDD number in the 4 years before post-purge. Despite variable weather conditions each season (one season might be windier than another, for example), in those 4 prior years, the gallons/HDD stayed within a +/- 2% range, despite HDD totals ranging from 4800 to 5200. So the 9% decrease in gallons/HDD after post-purge does seem "real," and not just random variability.
In looking to the future, I had been hoping to switch to Buderus G115/3's when these boilers needed replacing, but apparently Buderus is discontinuing that line. The Burnham MPO-IQ84 is my next choice as a reliable 3-pass cast iron boiler with a low firing rate of 0.6 gal/hr that would be better matched to our heat loss.
@EdTheHeaterMan I'm still trying to get the other owners to agree to implement the cross-strapping idea you suggested with the existing WGO-5's, but we have a $45k roof replacement coming next year, and no one wants to spend the $$ unless absolutely necessary, so I'll have to wait until one of the boilers needs replacing.
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