Looking for advice on oil systems for home inspector book.

Here is NORA tank checklists

As far as boiler or furnace it's really no different than other fuels.

Oil piping to the burner(s) must be flared (no compression) pipe dope (no Teflon tape). Condition of tank...leaks or seepage. Vent line with a Scully whistle. Fill and vent lines pitched down toward the tank. Minimum distance between tank and burner (MA used to be 5' some codes differ) Fireomatic valves at burner and at tank, oil filter. Oil line protected.
Flue pipe should be supported and have 3 screws/joint minimum. Draft regulator.

In addition to the excellent prior posts-

If the boiler or furnasty has an inspection door, open it and look inside. If you see a lot of soot, sulfur etc, it fails. Tell them to have the unit serviced by someone other than the knucklehead who was there before.

Look for a hole in the smoke pipe that would allow for combustion testing. Some units (like Burnham MegaSteam) have holes with plugs in them for testing, so no smoke pipe hole on one of these doesn't necessarily mean it was never tested. In this case, and in all cases where there is a hole in the smoke pipe, ask to see the latest combustion test printout. If they can't produce one, assume it was never tested. Have it tested, cleaned and tuned.

Check the burner's primary control. If the trial for ignition (sometimes called safety timing) is longer than 15 seconds (including any type of stack-mounted primary and also the all-too-common Honeywell R8184G and its clones), it fails- have the control replaced with a 15-second one. On a 15-second control, disconnect the cad-cell leads and start the burner- it should shut down 15 seconds after the flame starts. If it takes longer than that, the control should be replaced with another 15-second control.

The burner itself should be a "flame-retention" type. Beckett AF/AFG/AFII/CF/NX/SF/SR series, Carlin CRD, FRD and EZ series, any Riello, most Aero, any Sunray Golden Cup and the Wayne Blue Angel, MSR and EH are all flame-retention burners- this list obviously does not include all models of this type. If you have a question about a particular burner, post it here or on Oil Tech Talk.

Any non-flame-retention burner (with the possible exception of the Shellhead) should be replaced with a flame-retention type. This type of burner, when properly set up, runs much cleaner and with more efficiency than older types. Ask me how I know this.......

Every burner installation should have a barometric draft regulator on the smoke pipe. Some boiler manufacturers say their boilers don't necessarily need one, but very often the chimney draft is so high that it pulls way too much heat out of the unit, no matter how much you fiddle with the breech damper. Just install one already, following the manufacturer's instructions as to size and placement- that puts you in full control of the draft.

where i live you need a license to work on boilers after a 4 YEAR apprenticeship and passing a state test, inspectors are not qualified, as they take a 4 WEEK course on home inspection and think they know all about home inspection and especially my business that i spent 30 yrs in, i say inspectors go home, now you want to write a book for these jokers and there going to tell me whats right, I DONT THINK SO!!!!! they want an inspection on a boiler or furnace, tell them to call a real professional !!!!!!!!!!!!! NOT SOME IDIOT THAT TAKES A 4 WEEK COURSE, tell them in ur book to call a professional and leave the inspections to the professionals !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!